Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Juvenile Delinquency: Will Treating the Effects of AD/HD Reduce Recidivism?

Abstract

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD) is a disease characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Research shows that these symptoms may lead a child to engage in delinquent behavior. This research project utilized secondary data to evaluate the effectiveness of a program that is currently diagnosing and treating juvenile delinquents for AD/HD, with the goal of reducing recidivism. During the evaluation process, the demographic characteristics, delinquent record, and school performance of each juvenile was reviewed and analyzed. Juveniles who successfully completed the program and juveniles who did not were compared. Data were also utilized to determine the type of juveniles in the program. The offenses that were committed by the juveniles in the program, and whether or not school performance improved after treatment of AD/HD symptoms were investigated. The research hypothesis was supported -- the juveniles who successfully completed the program had significantly fewer arrests than the juveniles who did not complete the program. Most juveniles were referred to the program through the Court, and were not arrested immediately prior to joining the program. Juveniles who were arrested were most likely to be arrested and charged with domestic violence or for being unruly. In the future, the time length of the program could be expanded, more assessment of the juvenile could take place, and the effects of specific medications on the symptoms of AD/HD could be investigated.