Physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of Congress Lake outlet, Stark and Portage Counties, Ohio

Abstract

A study was performed in the Congress Lake Outlet watershed, Stark and Portage counties, Ohio, examining sediment, general water quality characteristics, nutrients, fecal coliform bacteria, macro-invertebrates, and applying a Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index to determine the attainment status of Warmwater Habitat Aquatic Life Use designation. Sediment analysis was performed once utilizing EPA trap and purge method #524 for volatile organic compounds and EPA #3550 Sonication Extraction method for high concentration of pesticides. Pesticide extractions were analyzed on a Hewlett Packard Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer. General water quality variables, taken four times, included pH, temperature, turbidity, and conductivity were recorded using a YSI model #6600-M probe and data logger. Data was combined into two data sets, winter and spring. Nutrients analyzed included ammonia, nitrate, total phosphorus, and soluble reactive phosphorus. Absorbency was determined on a Bausch & Lomb Spectronic #1001. Fecal coliform bacteria was analyzed twice and macro-invertebrate collection completed the biological sampling. Physical attributes were applied to the Ohio EPA Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index. A primary components analysis was performed. The Congress Lake Outlet is in non-attainment of Warmwater Habitat criteria for the Aquatic Life use designation. Primary causes of non-attainment are chemical and physical. Chemical impairment is due to elevated nutrients levels resulting in eutrophic conditions. Physical impairments are due to hydro-modifications primary for agricultural purposes.