Monte-Carlo frequency analysis using WATAND

Abstract

A Monte-Carlo Frequency Response (MCFR) analysis and Monte-Carlo DIsplay (MCDI) post-processor based on the Watand macro facility are designed to meet the requirements of flexibility, speed, and minimum computer storage. The MCFR analysis provides statistical results in the frequency domain for circuits with linear and/or nonlinear elements. Initial, minimum, maximum, mean and standard deviation values of the varied elements/parameters and of the specified outputs are generated. The number of tolerance elements/parameter to be simultaneously simulated is limited only by computer memory. All Watand output actions (NONE, PRINT, PPRINTER, PTERMINA, PLOTTEKT, POVERLAY, PVOLKER, and CALL), five output types (MAGNITUD, PHASE, REAL, IMAGINAR and DB) and six statistical output modes (initial minimum, maximum, average, standard deviation, and all values) are available. The MCDI post-processor is designed to display the results of an MCFR analysis without re-calculating the circuit response of the sample population. This saves computer time. MCDI also allows the display of statistical results of selected outputs with different output action, output types, and/or statistical modes. Moreover, a zoom capability is available to view or smaller/larger portion of a Tektronix graphic display. Repeated operation of the zoom is possible. The Watand DI post-processor may be used to display the individual frequency responses of an entire sample population numerically or graphically. A simple RC-filter example introduces the analysis and is used to show how statistical results are generated. A Boctor high-pass notch filter example is used to illustrate the use of the analysis and the post-processor. Statistical results for sample populations of 10 and 100 are compared. Two figures are used to show the capability of displaying the individual frequency responses of the entire sample population generated by the MCFR analysis.